Review Question’s Answer Chapter No-01(OverView of C)

Review Question’s Answer

Chapter No-01(Overview of C)

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**State where the following statement are true or false.

a)  Every line a C program should end with semicolon. (false)

b)  In C lowercase letters are significant. (true)

c)  Every C program ends with an END word. (false)

d)  main ( ) is where the program begins its execute. (true)

e)  A line in a program may have more than one statement. (true)

f)  A printf statement can generate only one line of output. (true)

g)  The closing brace of the main ( ) in a program is the logical end of the program. (true)

h)  Every C program must have at least one user-define function. (true)

i)  Only one function may be named main ( ). (true)

**  Fill in the blanks with appropriate words in each of the following statements.

a) Every program statement in a C program must end with a semicolon. b) The printf function is used to display the output on the screen.

c) The math.h header file contains mathematical function.

**   Why and when do we use the #define derivative?

Ans: In the C Programming Language, the #define directive allows the definition of macros within your source code. These macro definitions allow constant values to be declared for use throughout your code. Macro definitions are not variables and cannot be changed by your program code like variables.

** Why and when do we use the #include derivative?

Ans: Let's look at an example of how to use #include directives in your C program. In the following example, we are using the #include directive to include the stdio.h header file which is required to use the printf standard C library function in your application.

**What does void main(void) mean

Ans: This line gives the name of the function that we have written and information about what goes into and out of the function. In this case, the

name of the function is main. C not only allows you to use library functions, it allows you to write your own functions. Normally, your first programming assignment will be to write the main function. Every C program has a primary function that must be a assigned the name main. The name main is mandatory and cannot be altered by you, the programmer. In other words, even if your program had the purpose of printing your address to the screen you could not name the primary function printmyaddress and have the line be void printmyaddress(void). The function must be called main.

**Distinguish between main() and void main(void)?

Ans: main() - it means that main function will return an integer type of argument and empty parenthesis means it will not receive any command line argument.

void main(void) - it means main will not return any argument and also it will not receive any command line argument. If you don't specify any return type before function name then by default it is considered to be of type "int" and empty parenthesis or void in parenthesis means same thing, function is not going to receive anything

**Distinguish between int main() and void main(). Ans: 

Difference between int main() and void main():

See like any other function, main is also a function but with a special characteristic that the program execution always start from main. So the function main needs arguments and a return type. These int and void are its return type. Void means it will not return any value, which is also ok.

But if want to know whether the program has terminated successfully or not, we need a return value which can be zero or a non zero value. Hence the function becomes int main () and is recommended over void main ().

**Why do we need to use comments in programs?

Ans: In computer programming, a comment is a programmer-readable explanation or annotation in the source code of a computer program. They are added with the purpose of making the source code easier for humans to understand, and are generally ignored by compilers and interpreters.

**Why is the look of a program is important?

Ans: 'Look of your program' is very important if you are working in an IT industry, as your program is going to be referred by many people. When they read your program they should get clear idea what that program is written for and they should not even need to read all the program. How can you do that?

What is more important is 'Coding Standard' that you use rather that look.

When you write a program you must use some coding conventions, i.e. standard variable name format, function name format and other coding formalities.

**Where are blank spaces permitted in a c program?

Ans: Blank spaces are permitted in the print function in c programming language.

**Describe the basic structure of C program. 

Ans: Basic structure of C programming:

To write a C program, we first create functions and then put them together. A C program may contain one or more sections. They are illustrated below.

1. Documentation section The documentation section consists of a set of comment lines giving the name of the program, the author and other details, which the programmer would like to use

later.

2.  Link section: The link section provides instructions to the compile to link functions from the system library such as using the #include directive.

3.  Definition section: The definition section defines all symbolic constants such using the #define directive.

4.   Global declaration section: There are some variables that are used in more than one function. Such variables are called global variables and are declared in the global declaration section that is outside of all the functions. This section also declares all the user-defined functions.

5.  main () function section: Every C program must have one main function section. This section contains two parts; declaration part and executable part

6. Declaration part: The declaration part declares all the variables used in the executable part.

7. Executable part: There is at least one statement in the executable part. These two parts must appear between the opening and closing braces. The program execution begins at the opening brace and ends at the closing brace. The closing brace of the main function is the logical end of the program. All statements in the declaration and executable part end with a semicolon.

8. Subprogram section: If the program is a multi-function program then the subprogram section contains all the user-defined functions that are called in the main () function. User-defined functions are generally placed immediately after the main () function, although they may appear in any order.

All section, except the main () function section may be absent when they are not required.

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