Review Question’s Answer Chapter No-05(Decision making and branching)

Review Question’s Answer

Chapter No-05(Decision making and branching)

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RQ-5.1: State whether the following are true or false :

(a)When if statements are nested, the last else gets associated with the nearest if

without an else.                                                                                                                Ans: False.

(b)One if can have more than one else clause.                                         Ans: False.

(c)A switch statement can always be replaced by a series of if..else statements.

Ans: False.

(d)A switch expression can be of any type.                                                Ans: False.

(e)A program stops its execution when a break statement is encountered.

Ans: False.

(f)Each expression in the else if must test the same variable.           Ans: True.

(g)Any expression can be used for the if expression.                             Ans: True.

(h)Each case label can have only one statement.                                    Ans: True.

(i)The default case is required in the switch statement.                        Ans: True.

(j)The predicate !( (x>=10) (y==5) ) is equivalent to (x<10) && (y!=5).

Ans: True

RQ-5.2:Fill in the blanks in the following statements:

(a)The logical AND (&&) operator is true only when both the operands are true. (b)Multiway section can be accomplished using an else if statement or

the switch statement.

(c)The break statement when executed in a switch statement causes immediate exit from the structure

(d)The ternary conditional expression using the operator ?: code be easily coded using if…else statement.

(e)The expression !(x!=y)can be replaced by the expression x==y.

RQ-5.3:Find errors, if any, in each of the following segments: Solution:

		(a)  if((x+y=z) && (y>0) )			(b)  if (code >1)
		printf("  ");			a= b+c
					else
		Ans: Error.			a=0
		Correct ans:			Ans:  Error.
		if((x+y==z) && (y>0) )			Correct ans: if (code >1)
	printf("  ");						a= b+c;
							else
							a=0;

(c)    if(p>0) || (q <0) printf("Sign is negative”);

Ans:  Error.

Correct ans: if((p>0) || (q <0)) printf("Sign is

negative”);

RQ-5.4:The following is a segment of a program:

x=1;

y=1;

if(n>0)

x=x+1; y=y-1;

printf("%d  %d", x,y);

what will be the values of x and y if n assumes a value of (a) 1and (b) 0.

Solution:

(a)The value of x is 2 & y is 0. (b)The value of x & y is

imaginary.

RQ-5.5:Rewrite each of the following without using compound relations:

(a) if(grade<=59&&grade>=50)				(b) if ( number>100||number<0)
	second=second+1;			printf(“Out of range”);
				else
Solution:				sum=sum+number;
if(grade<=59)				Solution:
	second=second+1;			if ( number>100)
if(grade>=50)				printf(“Out of range”);
	second=second+1;			else if(number<0)
				printf(“Out of range”);
				else
				sum=sum+number;
(c)  if (M1>60&&M2>60||T>200)
	printf(“Admitted\n”);
	else
	printf (“Not admitted”);
Solution:
if (M1>60)
	printf (“Admitted\n”);
if (M2>60)
	printf (“Admitted\n”);
else if(T>200)
	printf (“Admitted\n”);
else
	printf (“Not admitted”);

RQ-5.6:Assuming x=10 ,state whether the following logical expressions are true or false:

(a)x==10 && x>10 && !x	False
(b)x==10 || x> 10 && !x	True
(c)x==10 && x>10 ||!x	False
(d)x==10 ||x>10 || !x	True

RQ-5.7:Find errors,if any, in the following switch related statements.Assume that the variables x and y are of int type and x=1 and y=2.

Solution:

(a)	switch(y);	(b)	case 10;
Ans:  Error.		Ans:	Error.
Correct ans: switch(y)		Correct ans: case 10:
(c)	switch(x+y)	(d) switch(x)  {Case  2:  y= x+y; break};
Ans: No  error.		Ans: Error.
		Correct ans: switch(x) {Case  2:  y= x+y; break;}

RQ-5.8:Simplify the following compound logical expressions:

Questions	Answer
(a) !(x<=10)	x>10
(b)!(x==10)||!((y==5)||(z<0))	x>0
(c)!((x+y==z)&&!(z>5))	x<z
(d)!((x<=5)&&(y==10)&&(z<5))	x>5

RQ-5.9:Assuming that x=5, y=0,and z=1 initially ,what will be their values after executing the following code segments?

(a)if(x && y)	(b)if(x|| y ||z)
x=10;	y=10;
else	else
y=10;	z=0;
Output:	Output:
10	1
10	0

(c)if(x)	(d)if(x ==0  || x && y)
if(y)	if(!y)
z=10;	z=0;
else	else
z=0;	y=1;
Output:	Output:
10	0
0	1

RQ-5.10:Assuming that x=2,y=1 and z=0 initially ,what will be their values after executing the following code segments?

(a)			(b)
switch(x)			switch(y)
{			{
	case	2:	case		0:
		x=1;			x=0;
		y=x+1;			y=0;
	case	1:	case		2:
		x=0;			x=2;
		break;			z=2;
	default:		default:
		x=1;			x=1;
		y=0;			y=2;
}			}
Output:			Output:
1	0		0	0	0

RQ-5.11:Find the error ,if any,in the following statements:

Solution:

Questions	Answer
(a)if(x>=10)	No error
printf("\n");
(b)if(x>=10)	No error
printf("OK");
(c)if(x==10)	No error
printf ("Good");
(d)if(x=<10)	Error
printf("Welcome");	Correct ans: if(x<=10)
	Printf(“Welcome”);

Output:

8

RQ-5.12:What is the output of the following program?

Program:

main()

{

int  m=5;

if(m<3) printf("%d", m+1);

else if (m<5) printf("%d", m+2); else if (m<7) printf("%d", m+3); else printf("%d", m+4);

getch();

}

RQ-5.13:What is the output of the following program?

Program:

main ()	Output:
{	1
int  m=1;	Delhi
if( m==1)	2
{	Chennai
printf ("Delhi");	3
if(m==2)	Banglore
printf("Chennai");
else
printf("Banglore");
}
else
Printf("END");
getch();
}

RQ-5.14:What is the output of the following program?

Program:

main()	Output:
{	1  4  3  8
int  m;
for(m=1; m<5; m++)
printf("%d\n",(m%2) ? m : m*2);
getch();
}

Output: a

A b B c C

RQ-5.15:What is the output of following program?

Program:

main()	Output:
{	0  0  2
int  m,n,p;
for(m=0; m<3;m++)
for(n=0;n<3;n++)
for(p=0;p<3;p++)
if(m+n+p==2)
goto print;
print:
printf("%d %d %d",m,n,p);
getch();
}

RQ-5.16:What will be the value of x when the following segment is executed?

int  x=10,y=15;	Solution:
x= (x<y)? (y+x)  : (y-x) ;	The value of x after execution is :-25.

RQ-5.17:What will be the output when the following segment is executed?

int  x=0;	Output:
if(x>=0)	0
if(x>0)	Number is positive
printf("Number is positive");	1
else	Number is negative
printf("Number is negative");

RQ-5.18: What will be the output when the following segment is executed?

Program:

char ch = ‘a’ switch(ch)

{

case ‘a’:

printf(“A”);

case ‘b’:

printf(“B”);

case ‘c’:

printf(“C”);

}

RQ-5.19:What will be the output of the following segment when executed? Program:

main()	Output:
{	10
int  x=10,y=20;
if(( x<y)|| (x+5)>10)
printf("%d",x);
else
printf("%d",y);
getch();
}

RQ-5.20:What will be the output of the following segment when executed? Program:

main()		Output:
{		10
int	a=10, b=5;
if(a>b)
{
	if(b>5)
	printf("%d",b);
}
else
printf("%d",a);
getch();
}

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Go ahead by honesty--->Rm